Virginia SOL Math / Grade 3 / Computation & Estimation

3.CE.2

Multiplication & Division Facts

What you'll learn

  • Represent multiplication and division through 10 × 10
  • Use the inverse relationship between multiplication and division
  • Recall facts with automaticity and solve single-step problems

Words to know

Factor —
a number being multiplied
Product —
the answer to a multiplication problem
Array —
rows and columns of equal groups
Quotient —
the answer to a division problem

Why it matters Multiplication is fast repeated addition — useful for counting equal groups, and division shares an amount into equal parts.

Worked examples

Model ItI do

Use an array to find 4 × 6.

The array has 4 rows of 6. Count all the dots: 4 × 6 = 24. The related division facts are 24 ÷ 4 = 6 and 24 ÷ 6 = 4.

Try It TogetherWe do

There are 28 crayons shared equally into 4 boxes. How many in each box?

This is division: 28 ÷ 4. Think 4 × ? = 28. Since 4 × 7 = 28, each box has 7 crayons.

Now YouYou do

Write the multiplication and division facts for the numbers 3, 8, and 24.

Use the inverse relationship to write four facts. Check your answers in the back.

Practice

Mastered 0 of 11

Warm-up

Ease in with the basics.

  1. 1.Find 6 x 4.

  2. 2.Find 30 divided by 5.

  3. 3.Write the missing factor: 3 x ___ = 21.

On Level

The core Quick Check from the book.

  1. 1.Find 7 × 8.

  2. 2.Find 42 ÷ 6.

  3. 3.Which multiplication fact matches 5 × 9?

  4. 4.Write the missing factor: 6 × ___ = 54.

  5. 5.Share 36 apples equally among 4 baskets. How many in each?

Challenge

Stretch your thinking.

  1. 1.There are 9 rows with 8 chairs in each row. How many chairs are there in all?

  2. 2.Share 63 stickers equally among 7 friends. How many does each friend get?

  3. 3.Write the four multiplication and division facts for 6, 7, and 42.